J.J. Lally & Co., Oriental Art / New York City, New York

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27.
A JADE, AGATE AND QUARTZ PECTORAL ORNAMENT

Western Zhou Dynasty (1027 – 771 B.C.)

the thick tixingpai (梯形牌) plaque of trapezoidal outline carved from pale yellowish-green jade, decorated on both sides with a highly stylized linear motif of a cicada with wings displayed on either side of the heart shaped thorax and short arms ending in claws raised beside the head, the upper and lower edges of the plaque drilled with a series of ‘bull nose’ holes suspending four long double strands and one shorter single strand of red, orange and pale yellowish beads carved from carnelian agate and quartz.

Length of reassembled pectoral set 15 inches (38 cm)
Length of tixingpai jade plaque 2 34 inches (7 cm)

A similarly carved jade tixingpai trapezoidal plaque suspending multiple strands of colorful beads is illustrated by Rawson, “Ordering the Exotic: Ritual Practices in the Late Western and Early Eastern Zhou,” Artibus Asiae, 2013, LXXIII:1, figs. 26b, 37a, 38, where the author notes it was found in the tomb of a female consort of a Rui lord excavated at the site of the 8th century cemetery of the Rui State at Liangdai village, Hancheng city, Shanxi province. Rawson goes on to say that tixingpai and beads pectoral ornament sets evidently first appeared in the 10th century B.C. in the tombs of high-ranking females and the use of long strands of biconical agate and other beads strung to create horizontal bands of different colors suggests the influence of Western, non-Zhou tribes. The same tixingpai and beads pectoral ornament set was previously published in Wenwu, 2008, No. 1, p. 10, fig. 15.

Rawson illustrates two more jade tixingpai and beads pectoral ornament sets excavated from female tombs at the site of the Western Zhou cemetery of the Jin State at Beizhao, Tianma-Qucun, Shanxi province, with burials dated to Western Zhou and early Eastern Zhou, op. cit., fig. 27. The same pectoral ornament sets are illustrated in Wenwu, 1994, No. 8, pp. 28–30, figs. 3, 8; and in Wenwu, 1995, No. 7, pp. 18-19, fig. 20.   

Another similar Western Zhou tixingpai trapezoidal jade pendant and beads pectoral ornament set excavated from the Ying State cemetery at Pingdingshan, Henan province, and now in the Henan Provincial Museum is illustrated by Gu (ed.), Zhongguo chutu yuqi quanji (Complete Collection of Jades Unearthed in China), Vol. 5, Henan, Beijing, 2005, p. 177.

西周   蟬紋玉牌串珠珮飾   總長 38 厘米   梯形牌長 7 厘米